On Solar System and Cosmic Rays Nucleosynthesis and Spallation Processes

A brief survey of nuclide abundances in the solar-system and in cosmic rays and of the believed mechanisms of their synthesis is given. The role of spallation processes in nucleosynthesis is discussed. A short review of recent measurements, compilations, calculations, and evaluations of spallation cross sections relevant to nuclear astrophysics is given as well. It is shown that in some past astrophysical simulations, old experimental nuclear data and theoretical cross sections that are in poor agreement with recent measurements and calculations were used. New astrophysical simulations using recently measured and reliably calculated nuclear cross sections, further researches in obtaining better cross sections, and production of evaluated spallation cross sections libraries for astrophysics are suggested. Subject headings: Nucleosynthesis, abundances — nuclear reactions, spallation cross sections, data libraries